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Two government budget practices that can have significant implications for lower levels of government are block grants and unfunded mandates.

At the federal level, there are two categories of budgetary expenditures: entitlement and discretionary spending.

One indicator of smart fiscal practices is maintaining balance between spending and revenues. Occasionally deficits may be necessary.

Under the U.S. Constitution, people are entitled to compensation when a government takes their property. This is known as a taking.

Livable and sustainable communities are safe and healthy. They offer residents choices in where to live and how to get around.

Planning refers to how policymakers design, regulate, and manage the built environment.

Extreme weather conditions, natural disasters, and health emergencies can be devastating to communities.

Redevelopment reuses previously developed land to catalyze new economic growth. It can provide new housing options or community amenities.

When done well, community planning spurs economic development that helps all members of a community thrive.

Enhancing livable communities—through projects to improve transportation options, ensure more affordable and accessible housing, and build and maintain public spaces such as