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Two government budget practices that can have significant implications for lower levels of government are block grants and unfunded mandates.

Federal and state governments have tried to change budget rules to control government spending. Budget rules have also been used to impose fiscal discipline.

Grandparents and other relatives play an important caregiving role in family well-being. Support from extended family is especially vital in families with low incomes.

At the federal level, there are two categories of budgetary expenditures: entitlement and discretionary spending.

One indicator of smart fiscal practices is maintaining balance between spending and revenues. Occasionally deficits may be necessary.

Federal, state, and local consumer protection agencies all have a role in safeguarding consumers against fraud, deception, and unfair practices.

To save and invest, individuals need access to the banking system and credit.

Banks are granted charters to help meet the needs and convenience of the communities where they are located, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods.

Credit cards are a fixture of U.S. economic life.

In 2020, Americans owed $1.5 trillion in outstanding student loan debt, second only to mortgage debt.