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Policymakers and health care administrators must conduct adequate emergency preparedness planning.

Federal and state governments should ensure the collection and public reporting of comprehensive, accurate data during an epidemic or pandemic and other public health crises or natural disasters. 

Health care providers, businesses, schools, organizations, and individuals should be educated about behavioral risk factors for contracting and spreading serious communicable diseases.

Private health plans must prevent the improper use or release of personally identifiable medical information.

Disparities in the use of prevention and screening services in public and private health insurance programs should be identified.

Organizations should continue to be prohibited from sharing or selling personally identifiable protected health data without prior consent.

Privacy protections should be embedded into health systems, products, and services.

Policymakers should protect people from the harms of disclosure or misuse of all personally identifiable health- and health-related data.

Consumers should receive clear, understandable, and accessible information about how their health and health-related data are being collected,