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One indicator of smart fiscal practices is maintaining balance between spending and revenues. Occasionally deficits may be necessary.

At the federal level, there are two categories of budgetary expenditures: entitlement

Two government budget practices that can have significant implications for lower levels of government are block grants and unfunded mandates.

Federal and state governments have tried to change budget rules to control government spending. Budget rules have also been used to impose fiscal discipline.

Under the U.S. Constitution, people are entitled to compensation when a government takes their property. This is known as a taking.