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There are two main ways for governments to collect taxes. One is by taxing income directly. This is known as an income tax. The other is taxing only income that is spent.

Currently, some types of income are either taxed at lower rates than ordinary income or are exempt from taxation to some degree.

In general, only cash income is subject to the income tax.

Tax credits and deductions are two ways to reduce tax liability. Tax credits directly reduce the amount of taxes owed, dollar-for-dollar.

The federal estate taxA tax based on the value of the estate of someone

State and local governments issue bonds to finance important projects that meet social goals and benefit communities.

Employers and policymakers can take steps to ensure that workers can balance work with other responsibilities such as providing care or managing an illness.

FlextimeA schedule that allows workers to alter the start and end times

More than one in five Americans—about 53 million adults—are caregivers.

The federal government, as well as almost all state governments, have laws against age discrimination.